277 lines
11 KiB
HTML
277 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-CN">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>C++ 嵌套循环单步可视化</title>
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<style>
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body {
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font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
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background-color: #f4f7f6;
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color: #333;
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display: flex;
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justify-content: center;
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align-items: center;
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height: 100vh;
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margin: 0;
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}
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.container {
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display: flex;
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gap: 20px;
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background: white;
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padding: 20px;
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border-radius: 12px;
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box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
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width: 1000px; /* 稍微增加了总宽度 */
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max-width: 95%;
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}
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/* 左侧代码区 */
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.code-panel {
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flex: 1.3; /* 给代码区分配更多空间 */
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background: #1e1e1e;
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color: #d4d4d4;
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padding: 20px;
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border-radius: 8px;
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font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
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font-size: 16px;
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line-height: 1.6;
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overflow-x: auto; /* 内容超出时显示水平滚动条 */
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}
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.code-line {
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padding: 2px 10px;
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border-radius: 4px;
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margin: 2px 0;
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border-left: 4px solid transparent;
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transition: all 0.3s;
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white-space: pre; /* 关键修改：强制不换行，保持代码在一行显示 */
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}
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.code-line.active {
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background-color: #063f4c;
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border-left: 4px solid #4fc1ff;
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color: #fff;
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}
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.keyword { color: #569cd6; }
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.type { color: #4ec9b0; }
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.string { color: #ce9178; }
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/* 右侧面板 */
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.side-panel {
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flex: 1;
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 15px;
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}
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/* 状态与控制台 */
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.panel-box {
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background: #f8f9fa;
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border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
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border-radius: 8px;
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padding: 15px;
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flex: 1;
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}
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.panel-title {
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font-size: 14px;
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font-weight: bold;
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color: #6c757d;
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margin-bottom: 10px;
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text-transform: uppercase;
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letter-spacing: 1px;
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}
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.vars {
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font-size: 24px;
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font-family: monospace;
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font-weight: bold;
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}
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.vars span {
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color: #e83e8c;
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background: #fdf3f7;
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padding: 2px 8px;
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border-radius: 4px;
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}
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.status-msg {
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margin-top: 10px;
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font-size: 14px;
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color: #0056b3;
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background: #cce5ff;
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padding: 8px;
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border-radius: 4px;
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line-height: 1.5;
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}
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.console-output {
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background: #000;
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color: #0f0;
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font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
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padding: 10px;
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border-radius: 4px;
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height: 120px;
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white-space: pre-wrap;
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overflow-y: auto;
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}
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/* 控制按钮 */
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.controls {
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display: flex;
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gap: 10px;
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justify-content: center;
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margin-top: 10px;
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}
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button {
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padding: 10px 20px;
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font-size: 16px;
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cursor: pointer;
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border: none;
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border-radius: 6px;
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font-weight: bold;
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transition: 0.2s;
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}
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.btn-prev { background: #6c757d; color: white; }
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.btn-prev:hover { background: #5a6268; }
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.btn-next { background: #007bff; color: white; }
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.btn-next:hover { background: #0056b3; }
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.btn-reset { background: #dc3545; color: white; }
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.btn-reset:hover { background: #c82333; }
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button:disabled { background: #cccccc; cursor: not-allowed; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<!-- 代码区 -->
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<div class="code-panel">
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<div id="line-1" class="code-line"><span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {</div>
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<div id="line-2" class="code-line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> j = 1; j <= 2; j++) {</div>
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<div id="line-3" class="code-line"> cout << <span class="string">"("</span> << i << <span class="string">", "</span> << j << <span class="string">") "</span>;</div>
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<div id="line-4" class="code-line"> }</div>
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<div id="line-5" class="code-line"> cout << endl;</div>
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<div id="line-6" class="code-line">}</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 状态与控制区 -->
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<div class="side-panel">
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<div class="panel-box">
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<div class="panel-title">内存中的变量状态</div>
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<div class="vars">
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i = <span id="var-i">?</span><br><br>
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j = <span id="var-j">?</span>
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</div>
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<div class="status-msg" id="status-msg">点击“下一步”开始执行程序</div>
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</div>
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<div class="panel-box">
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<div class="panel-title">控制台输出 (Console)</div>
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<div class="console-output" id="console"></div>
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</div>
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<div class="controls">
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<button class="btn-prev" id="btn-prev" onclick="prevStep()" disabled>上一步</button>
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<button class="btn-next" id="btn-next" onclick="nextStep()">下一步</button>
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<button class="btn-reset" onclick="reset()">重置</button>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script>
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// 预定义所有执行步骤的状态机
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const steps = [
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{ line: null, i: '?', j: '?', out: '', msg: '程序准备就绪，等待外层循环启动。' },
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// i = 1
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{ line: 1, i: 1, j: '?', out: '', msg: '进入外层循环。初始化 i = 1。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 1, j: 1, out: '', msg: '外层触发内层！创建全新变量 j，初始化 j = 1。' },
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{ line: 3, i: 1, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) ', msg: '打印当前 i 和 j 的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 1, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束，准备 j++ 回到行2判断。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 1, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) ', msg: 'j 增加到 2，满足 j<=2，继续内层。' },
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{ line: 3, i: 1, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) ', msg: '打印当前 i 和 j 的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 1, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束，准备 j++。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 1, j: 3, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) ', msg: 'j 增加到 3，不满足 j<=2，内层循环终止！' },
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{ line: 5, i: 1, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n', msg: '退出内层大括号，j 被彻底销毁！执行换行。' },
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{ line: 6, i: 1, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n', msg: '外层第一轮结束，准备 i++ 回到行1判断。' },
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// i = 2
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{ line: 1, i: 2, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n', msg: 'i 增加到 2，满足 i<=3，进入外层第二轮。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 2, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n', msg: '再次遇到内层循环，重新孕育一个全新的 j = 1！' },
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{ line: 3, i: 2, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) ', msg: '打印当前 i 和 j 的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 2, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束，准备 j++。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 2, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) ', msg: 'j 增加到 2，满足 j<=2。' },
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{ line: 3, i: 2, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) ', msg: '打印当前 i 和 j 的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 2, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束，准备 j++。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 2, j: 3, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) ', msg: 'j 增加到 3，不满足 j<=2，内层循环终止！' },
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{ line: 5, i: 2, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n', msg: '退出内层，j 再次被彻底销毁！执行换行。' },
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{ line: 6, i: 2, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n', msg: '外层第二轮结束，准备 i++ 回到行1判断。' },
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// i = 3
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{ line: 1, i: 3, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n', msg: 'i 增加到 3，满足 i<=3，进入外层最后一轮。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 3, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n', msg: '第三次触发内层循环，重新初始化新 j = 1。' },
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{ line: 3, i: 3, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) ', msg: '打印当前 i 和 j 的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 3, j: 1, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 3, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) ', msg: 'j 增加到 2，满足 j<=2。' },
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{ line: 3, i: 3, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) ', msg: '打印最后的值。' },
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{ line: 4, i: 3, j: 2, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) ', msg: '内层循环一轮结束。' },
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{ line: 2, i: 3, j: 3, out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) ', msg: 'j 增加到 3，内层循环最后一次终止！' },
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{ line: 5, i: 3, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) \n', msg: 'j 被销毁。执行最后一次换行。' },
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{ line: 6, i: 3, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) \n', msg: '外层循环体全部执行完毕。' },
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// 结束
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{ line: 1, i: 4, j: '销毁 (死亡)', out: '(1, 1) (1, 2) \n(2, 1) (2, 2) \n(3, 1) (3, 2) \n', msg: 'i 增加到 4，不满足 i<=3。外层循环结束！程序完成。' }
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];
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let currentStep = 0;
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function renderState() {
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const state = steps[currentStep];
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// 1. 清除所有高亮，设置当前高亮
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document.querySelectorAll('.code-line').forEach(el => el.classList.remove('active'));
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if (state.line !== null) {
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document.getElementById('line-' + state.line).classList.add('active');
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}
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// 2. 更新变量面板，带有颜色区分销毁状态
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document.getElementById('var-i').innerText = state.i;
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const varJ = document.getElementById('var-j');
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varJ.innerText = state.j;
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if (state.j === '销毁 (死亡)') {
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varJ.style.color = '#dc3545';
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varJ.style.background = '#f8d7da';
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} else {
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varJ.style.color = '#e83e8c';
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varJ.style.background = '#fdf3f7';
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}
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// 3. 更新控制台和提示信息
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document.getElementById('console').innerText = state.out;
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document.getElementById('status-msg').innerText = state.msg;
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// 4. 更新按钮状态
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document.getElementById('btn-prev').disabled = currentStep === 0;
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document.getElementById('btn-next').disabled = currentStep === steps.length - 1;
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// 控制台自动滚动到底部
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const consoleEl = document.getElementById('console');
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consoleEl.scrollTop = consoleEl.scrollHeight;
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}
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function nextStep() {
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if (currentStep < steps.length - 1) {
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currentStep++;
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renderState();
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}
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}
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function prevStep() {
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if (currentStep > 0) {
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currentStep--;
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renderState();
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}
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}
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function reset() {
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currentStep = 0;
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renderState();
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}
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// 初始化渲染
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renderState();
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</script>
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</body>
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</html> |